Reproduction is broadly polygamous: a few older males mate with the
fertile females. Male giraffes assess female fertility by tasting the
female's urine to detect estrus, in a multi-step process known as the flehmen response.Males prefer young adult females over juveniles and older adults.
Once an estrous female is detected, the male will attempt to court her.
When courting, dominant males will keep subordinate ones at bay. During copulation, the male stands on his hind legs with his head held up and his front legs resting on the female's sides.
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